ETIOLOGY AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN JOS METROPOLIS

Abstract

Community-acquired urinary tract infections occur in individuals not admitted in hospital prior to development of the symptoms of the infection. It occurs mostly in women and caused by Escherichia coli. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of urinary tract infection among individuals residing within Jos metropolis. A single voided aseptically collected mid-stream urine (MSU) was obtained from 276 patients at the outpatient unit of Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH). These samples were processed immediately using standard wire loop method in medical microbiology laboratory in JUTH. Demographic data were collected by administering a structured questionnaire to the study participants. Data collected were analyzed by EPI info statistical package version 3.5.1. Out of the 276 individuals who participated in the study 52 (18.8%) were positive for urinary tract infection. The study revealed that female participants had the highest occurrence 40 (21.3%) of infection, while male participants had 12 (13.6%). Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated uropathogen with a prevalence of 20 (38.5%). Married individuals 35 (27.3%) had a higher occurrence of infection compared to singles 17 (11.5%), there was no significant difference in occurrence of infection between married and singles p=0.101 (P>0.05) in the study. The present study revealed a prevalence of 18.8%, with female participants having the highest occurrence of infection. Streptomycin showed the highest susceptibility to bacteria isolates while the least susceptibility was observed with augmentin. Rational use of antibiotics with regular antibiotics susceptibility surveillance studies is recommended to maintain high antibiotic therapeutic profile.