PREVALENCE OF HIV-1 GENETIC SUBTYPES IN ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE PATIENTS IN MINNA, METROPOLIS, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA

Authors

  • Ndukwe Arua Kalu Department of Medical Laboratory Services, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida Specialist Hospital, Minna, Niger State,
  • Mathew Folaranmi Olaniyan Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Edo State University, Iyamho,
  • Pius Omoruyi Omosigho Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Edo State University, Iyamho,
  • Bukhari Isah Shuaib Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Edo State University, Iyamho,
  • Ewean Chukwuma Omoruyi Clinical Virology Laboratory and Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan,
  • Ayuba Sunday Buru Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Allied Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kaduna,
  • Chinedu Udechukwu Aka-Okeke Department of Medical Laboratory Services, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida Specialist Hospital, Minna, Niger State,

Abstract

The genetic diversity of HIV-1 significantly influences the clinical management of HIV infection, particularly regarding antiretroviral therapy (ART) efficacy and drug resistance. This study investigates the incidence and distribution of HIV-1 genetic subtypes among ART-experienced individuals exhibiting drug resistance in Minna Metropolis, Niger State, Nigeria. A total of 120 ART-experienced HIV-positive patients with suspected virologic failure were enrolled. Plasma samples were collected, and viral RNA was extracted and amplified for the pol gene region. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to determine subtype distribution, while genotypic resistance testing identified resistance-associated mutations. Results indicated a predominance of CRF02_AG (58.3%), followed by subtype G (25.0%), subtype A1 (10.0%), and recombinant forms (6.7%). Resistance mutations were found in 73.3% of patients, with common mutations including M184V/I, K103N, and Y181C. The findings highlight the urgent need for tailored ART regimens and continued molecular surveillance to optimize treatment outcomes in the region.

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Published

2025-12-29

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025)

Section

ARTICLES

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Copyright (c) 2025 Science World Journal

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